Methodological improvements and process-oriented lessons learned throughout are described, as are implications of alternative data collection methods for more accurately representing the demand for travel, active or otherwise. Finally, an in-person tablet data collection effort was carried out, demonstrating the feasibility of collecting data by combining door-to-door recruitment with internet-enabled tablets and a web survey. Potential improvements to web survey questionnaire design and open data distribution mechanisms are then looked at, demonstrating potential value in terms of heightened relevance of the collected data and increased use. These led to an app template and app design guidelines being produced. Smartphone location logging apps and trace processing are explored first, where an assessment of the state of the art and 2 public-facing data collection projects were carried out. The thesis primarily describes a series of data collection projects undertaken from 2014 to 2017, each of which examines possible improvements to travel diary generation. This thesis explores the significance of not properly recording AT and other travel episodes, and presents solutions to cost-effectively collect multimodal travel data using a variety of methods. The TTS also suffers from other issues related to the reliance on self-reporting travel surveys more broadly, such as systematic under-reporting of discretionary travel, proxy report bias and declining response rates. While a high-quality source of data overall, the TTS has well-documented limitations with respect to the incomplete recording of walk and bike trips, or active transportation (AT). The TTS, conducted every 5 years since 1986, is a large-scale household travel diary survey that relies on self-reporting of travel by telephone and, as of 2011, web. In the Toronto context, the main source of data on the movement of individuals within the region is the Transportation Tomorrow Survey (TTS). Evidence-based transportation planning and decision-making relies on accurate data and analysis.
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